Bioactive glass-ceramic composition in periodontal intrabony defects surgical management

Abstract

It has been earlier proposed a novel graft on basis of bioactive glass-ceramics for infected bony defects, where silver and copper ions are represented as antibacterial agents. The objective was to investigate clinical and radiological efficacy of the bioactive glass-ceramic composition (BGCC) as bone substitute material for periodontal intrabony defects surgery. In a group of 47 patients with periodontitis was conducted controlled clinical study of the proposed composition. As a control in 24 patients it has been used deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) with collagen membrane. Such parameters as pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession, the early wound-healing index (EHI), hygienic and gingival indices, radiological bone density were used for evaluation surgical outcomes. Guided tissue regeneration was carried out in 56 intrabony defects. A year after surgery it has been determined almost the same significant (p<0.05) decrease PPD to 53.5% in the BGCC group and to 45.7% in the DBBM group, CAL gain to 30.4% in the BGCC group and to 28.0% in the DBBM group. Intrabony defects were bone filled to 27.5% and to 30.1% respectively with no significant differences for comparison groups. However, it was noted the advantage of significant increasing bone density in treated sites with BGCC (p<0.05). It also has shown a tendency to decrease discomfort for patients and to improve wound healing in postsurgical period according to the EHI in the same group. The using of BGCC with collagen membrane leads to significant reduction in probing depth, clinical attachment level gain, raises bone density profile. However, further long term clinical studies with histological evaluation are necessary.