Organoprotective and immunomodulatory effects of melatonin

Abstract

Actuality. Melatonin is the main hormone of the pineal gland, which affects the regulation of vital organs and systems, has an organoprotective and immunomodulating effect. The mechanism of action of melatonin under pharmacodynamic influence is associated with changes in the pro-oxidant-antioxidant, energy exchange indicators of the immune system and genetic code. The aim of the study is to establish the organoprotective and immunomodulating properties of melatonin. Research methods: data analysis of domestic and foreign literature, online publications, SCOPUS data, “Web of Science”, Google Scholar. Research results. Various aspects of the effect of melatonin on the central nervous system, its hypnotic, calming, and antidepressant effects are shown. The effects of melatonin related to its effect on the cardiovascular system are described in detail. The effect of melatonin on kidney function is also mentioned. The effects of melatonin on the digestive system are described, its effect on the function of the liver, pancreas, and intestines is mentioned. Separately, the immunotropic and anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin are distinguished. The effect of melatonin on pregnant women is described, and the hormone-like effect, as well as the effect on the immune system, are discussed separately. Conclusions. New data indicate that melatonin has an organoprotective effect on the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, organs of the digestive system, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, which allows to expand the range of its use, including in treatment regimens for serious diseases. Thus, melatonin is the main hormone of the pineal gland, which affects almost all organs and functions of the body, and its drugs increase the activity and reduce the toxicity of drugs of other groups.