Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor modulates glial scar formation after hemorrhagic stroke in rats by mobilizing mesenchymal cells

Abstract

A glial scar typically develops in the brain following a stroke and represents a common astrocytic response to injury. While astrocytes are the primary cell type involved in this process, non-glial cells also contribute to scar formation. The immunophenotype of these additional cell populations remains poorly characterized. Identifying these cells could deepen our understanding of glial scar development and help uncover potential therapeutic targets.