Fecal short chain fatty acids role in atrial fibrillation paroxysm pathogenesis through coronary artery disease patients

Abstract

Gut microbiota composition and its metabolites is an essential part of human health. Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are known gut microbiota metabolites. Lack of them is common for dyslipidemia and inflammatory changes. But their role in atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary artery disease (CAD) pathogenesis is still uninvestigated. The aim: to estimate the fecal short chain fatty acids changes in patients with atrial fibrillation paroxysm and coronary artery disease and found their connections with known cardiometabolic risk factors. Materials and methods: 300 patients were investigated. We divided them into 3 groups: I group – 149 CAD patients without rhythm disorders, II group – 124 patients with CAD and AF paroxysm and control group (CG) – 27 patients without CAD and arrhythmias. Fecal SCFA was checked by gas chromatography with mass electron detection. Results: Fecal SCFA changes in pa tients with AF paroxysm and CAD were found in our investigation. Isocaproic and isobutyric fecal acids appears in CAD and AF patients’ samples in comparison with control group. In the patients with AF and CAD significant increasing of valeric (1128,43%) and decreasing butyric (78,75%), isovaleric (56,29%), caprylic (99,21%) acids, medium chain fatty acids (95,54%) and unsaturated fatty acids (38,76%) levels was revealed in comparison with CAD patients without arrhythmias (P<0,05). The largest amount of correlations was between total amount of SCFA, medium chain fatty acids (total amount = 7), butyric acid (total number = 6) and cardiometabolic risk factors (P<0,05). The acceptable role of total amount of short chain fatty acids (AUC = 0.7907) and butyric acid (AUC = 0.7127) in AF paroxysm occurrence in CAD patients was proven by ROC-analysis. Conclusions: SCFA-synthesis violations were reveled in patients with atrial fibrillation paroxysm and coronary artery disease. To propose the new ways of gut microbiota and cardiometabolic risk factors correction will be interesting for future investigations.