Anatomical and phytochemical study leaves of Parthenocissus Quinquefolia (l.) Planch

Abstract

Topicality. P. quinquefolia (L.) Planch. is often used in ornamental landscaping in urban cities. Over the past ten years, the species has naturalised in numerous natural and anthropogenic habitats, especially near megacities. In addition to its vertical growth form, it also has a ground growth form, and therefore often suppresses the growth of native species in the grass area, thereby transforming the coenosis into a new type. An analysis of the literature indicates the prospects for its use in medicine and pharmacy, as its compounds have a number of medicinal properties, including antioxidant, capillary-strengthening, detoxifying, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antidiabetic effects. Given the prospects of the species for use in medicine, as well as the availability of a sufficient resource base of P. quinquefolia, it can be considered a potential source of raw materials for pharmaceutical needs. The aim of the work was to conduct morphological, anatomical and phytochemical studies of P. quinquefolia leaves to create a project of a monograph on the studied medicinal plant material. Materials and methods of the study. The material for the study was the leaves of P. quinquefolia, which were harvested in the flowering and fruiting stages of the growing season. The microscopic diagnostic study was carried out according to the generally accepted methods of the SPhU. The obtained micro preparations were examined in aqueous medium and aqueous glycerol solutions of different concentrations under a ULAB microscope (×40, ×100, ×1000) equipped with a Canon EOS 550 digital microphotographic camera. The identification of biologically active substances of P. quinquefolia was carried out using conventional qualitative and histochemical reactions. Research results and their discussion. According to the results of morphological and anatomical analysis of P. quinquefolia leaves, it was found that this species has a number of species-specific features that will allow to distinguish it from other species of the genus. According to the results of qualitative reactions, the presence of polysaccharides, saponins, tannins, anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids in the leaves of P. quinquefolia was established. Conclusions. The main morphological characters of P. quinquefolia leaves were determined. The main diagnostic anatomical features of P. quinquefolia leaves were determined: the presence of two types of calcium oxalate crystals (druses, raphides); cellsidioblast; simple 6-8 cell trichomes; lenticels of petioles and stomatas of anomocytic type. The main biologically active substances of P. quinquefolia leaves were determined: polysaccharides, flavonones, flavones, condensed tannins, hydroxycinnamic acids and saponins. Further detailed phytochemical study of this species will allow to develop a project monograph on the raw materials of P. quinquefolia.