Impact of nutritional of protein metabolism disorders on the clinical course of pulmonary tuberculosis

Abstract

The aim: To study the impact of nutritional correction of protein metabolism disorders on the clinical course of pulmonary tuberculosis. Materials and methods: The study involved 67 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, which were divided into two groups: group I – 35 patients who underwent nutritional correction of protein metabolism disorders against the background of antimycobacterial therapy (AMBT) and group II – 32 patients who received standard AMBT. An assessment of clinical indicators and the condition of protein metabolism (PM) was conducted by determining the concentration of individual non-essential, essential amino acids and their total amount. Results: The proposed correction scheme includes food products containing essential nutrients and biologically active compounds that have a positive impact on the corresponding links of pathogenesis and can be used throughout all phases of treatment. Its application had a positive impact on the indicators of PM (significant (p<0.05) increase in total amount of essential amino acids (TAEAA), total amount of non-essential amino acids (TANEAA) and total amount of amino acids (TAAA) in blood serum and the concentration of individual essential and non-essential amino acids (significantly reached the level of indicators in healthy individuals) and clinical course of tuberculosis (intoxication syndrome disappeared earlier by 10.8 ± 0.97 days, and respiratory one by 8.95 ± 1.68 days), there was an increase in the frequency of healing of decay cavities at the time of completion of treatment by 34.0% and a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the average duration of treatment by 21.1±2.91 days. Conclusions: The application of nutritional correction of protein metabolism in the complex treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis made it possible to obtain a pronounced positive impact on the clinical course of the disease and the condition of protein metabolism, which contributed to an increase in the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation.