Management of Hypoxia-induced Disorders in Nephrotic Children

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this paper was to study the levels of cellular hypoxia, apoptosis controlling factors in relation to the value of kidney function impairment and to evaluate possible protective effects of the treatment with antioxidant agent tocopherol in pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome. Background: Hypoxia-related disorders play an important role in irreversible tissue damage via activation of certain secondary processes. Methods: An examination of renal biopsies of 53 patients (aged 10 to 15 years) with nephrotic syndrome was done. Conventional clinical investigations, immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting were used in this study. Results: We show that nephrotic patients reveal a high level of marker of cellular hypoxia HIF-1α and its dependence on the level of kidney function impairment and proteinuria. The progression of the sclerosis as a sign of irreversible kidney damage is accompanied by gradual increase in expression of proapoptotic factor Bax. Applied treatment composes conventional scheme and tocopherol showed an improvement in hypoxia level, proapoptotic factor Bax expression. Conclusion: Hypoxia-induces disorders in nephrotic children presented by disturbances in apoptosis controlling system can be attenuated by the antioxidants application.