Influence of the long-term postbiotics prescription on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation

Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of long-term postbiotics prescription on CardioMetabolic Risk Factors (CMRF) in patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Atrial Fibrillation (AF). 124 patients with CAD and AF paroxysm patients were divided by stratified randomization 1:3 into two groups: I (31 patients) and II (93 patients). Stratification was done according to the patient's age, gender, body mass index, and Total Cholesterol (TC). All patients received Standard Therapy (ST), according to the latest European Society of Cardiology guidelines: β-blockers, HMG-CoA-inhibitors (statins), anticoagulants, and, if necessary, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-II receptor blockers, calcium antagonists, diuretics, and/or antiarrhythmics. The I group patients’ received ST and postbiotic prescription during 6 months: rebamipide (2-(4-chlorobenzolamino)-3-[2(1H))-quinolon-4-yl] propionic acid) (100 mg 3 times a day) and glycine (100 mg 3 times a day). The II group patients received only ST. All patients were examined two times: during the initial investigation and after 6 months of treatment. After treatment in I group patients’ a significant decrease in TC (by 10.00%), low density lipoproteins (by 19.50%), Apolipoprotein B (by 12.92%), Interleucin6 (by 12.40%), C-reactive protein (by 15.89%), TriMethylAmine (TMA) (by 19.32%), TriMethylAmine-N-Oxide (TMAO) (by 27.24%) was found (p<0.05) versus II group patients. After treatment all patients had significant improvement in CMRF (p<0.05): TC (by 44.01%), low density lipoproteins (by 52.90%), Interleucin-6 (by 27.52%), C-reactive protein (by 20.13%), TMA (by 14.66%), TMAO (by 33.91%), and significant increase in TMA/TMAO (by 23.45%), but I group got better values. In conclusion, long-term (6 months) postbiotics (propionic acid and glycine) prescription has a marked positive influence on CMRF in patients with CAD and AF.