Morphological peculiarities of chronic gastritis in patients with functional dyspepsia

Abstract

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is the most common cause of chronic epigastric pain and abdominal fullness. Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis is one of the pathophysiological factors of FD, however the peculiarities of it are still unknown.

Aim of the study - to compare the morphological changes in biopsy specimens of gastroduodenal area in patients with different types of functional dyspepsia. This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study in adult subjects with FD. Biopsy specimens were taken from the stomach as per the Houston-updated gastric biopsy sampling protocol. To measure gastritis grade we used OLGA and OLGIM staging systems. Analysis was performed by pathologist who was blinded to the clinical diagnosis of the patients. We compare the degree of inflammation, activity of gastritis, presence and degree of atrophy, metaplasia and dysplasia in patients with different types of FD. This study included 33 subjects with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and 28 subjects with epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) according to Rome IV criteria. The level of gastric body and antral inflammation, activity degree, and metaplasia were detected at the same frequency in both groups (p>0.05). The grade of antral atrophy was significantly higher in patients with PDS (p=0,002) with no difference in the gastric body.