http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/12810 Fri, 10 Apr 2026 22:35:17 GMT 2026-04-10T22:35:17Z http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/12949 Название: Український науково-медичний молодіжний журнал №3 (149) 2024 Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/12949 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/12837 Название: Management of protective lung ventilation in children with a critical course of acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection Авторы: Tkachuk, R. Краткий осмотр (реферат): The pandemic of coronavirus disease COVID-19 has created a serious threat to the public health system worldwide. With the beginning of the pandemic, it became clear that children infected by SARS-CoV-2, for unknown reasons, have a milder course compared to adults. In some cases, children are asymptomatic carriers of the infection. In light of today’s scientific discoveries, contrary to initial reports, recent studies have shown that children are just as likely to contract the virus as adults, while vague symptoms and a milder course more often characterize the disease itself. However, it is worth noting that the true prevalence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is most likely underestimated since children are not tested for COVID-19 without obvious clinical symptoms. This fact has been confirmed by multiple blood tests indicating high titers of IgG to SARS-CoV-2. Compared to adults, the typical clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in children are fever, runny nose, cough, and general weakness. The laboratory test results indicate a normal level of leukocytes, lymphopenia, and an increased level of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, D-dimer, and MB creatine kinase. Currently, there is no sufficient evidence that the etiotropic therapy is 100% successful. Yet a course of action such as respiratory system protection, control of fluids and electrolyte homeostasis, anti-cytokine therapy, preventative measures for thrombosis, and treatment for bacterial superinfection proved to be efficient at preventing the development of possible complications caused by SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, it is important to collect and accumulate new experiences\cases of respiratory system protection management of an acute respiratory syndrome with a critical course of acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by COVID-19 and implement practical treatment plans for healthcare facilities. The results were analyzed using clinical epidemiology methods. Children were admitted to the intensive care unit on an average of 6,6±0,62 days of illness and were more associated with systemic disorders and water-electrolyte imbalance, which required prosthetic respiratory function, correction of hemodynamics and water-electrolyte disorders, which was carried out in the infectious diseases department of anesthesiology and intensive care for an average of 5,2±0,7 days. In children in the clinical group, SARS-CoV-2 was verified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of a nasopharyngeal swab and/or exhaled air condensate based on its positive results. Comprehensive treatment of patients with severe and extremely severe respiratory distress syndrome in coronavirus disease included respiratory and hemodynamic support, antiviral and antibacterial therapy, parenteral glucocorticosteroids and anticoagulants, which was in line with current national regulatory guidelines and local protocols. According to the criteria for choosing a method of respiratory function prosthetics, in more than half of the patients (62,2%) with hemoglobin oxygen saturation of less than 92%, while maintaining active respiratory capacity, respiratory support was provided by supplementing humidified oxygen through a face mask or nasal cannulas. In another 29,7% of patients, non-invasive ventilation was performed by constant positive airway pressure, with an oxygenation index of 0,4-0,5 and a positive end-expiratory pressure of 4-5 cm of water column. Children who had a critical course of acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus infection COVID-19 (8,1%) and in whom non-invasive methods of respiratory support did not bring the desired therapeutic result were on invasive ventilation in the mode of auxiliary controlled ventilation or in the mode of synchronized intermittent forced ventilation. It should be noted that children who received respiratory support in the form of non-invasive ventilation by means of constant positive airway pressure required a lower concentration of oxygen in the inhalation mixture compared to patients on free-flow oxygen supplementation. The need for admission to the intensive care unit of children with COVID-19 is primarily associated with respiratory disorders caused by interstitial pneumonia. Oxygen supplementation was of paramount importance in patient management, primarily through noninvasive ventilation with constant positive airway pressure or free flow. The use of a pulmonary protective strategy in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by coronavirus disease COVID-19 in children requiring invasive ventilation was accompanied by a pronounced positive result, as it was not accompanied by side effects and resulted in a rapid recovery of patients. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/12837 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/12835 Название: Anatomical and phytochemical study of Ocimum basilicum L. leaves of two popular varieties in Ukraine Авторы: Pysklynets, I.; Makhynia, L. Краткий осмотр (реферат): оne of the important sources of flavonoid phytonutrients is basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Vegetative and generative organs of which have essential oils, in particular 1,8-cineole, estragole and eugenol, ascorbic acid, a rich pigment complex, as well as polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant effects. Basil realizes its antioxidant potential through anthocyanins in varieties with purple leaves and flavonoids in varieties with green leaves. The level of their accumulation, as well as other biologically active substances, depends on the variety to which the plant belongs, the degree and spectrum of illumination, soil moisture, and mineral nutrition (Priss OP, et al., 2019; Joshi RK, 2014; Trichopoulou, et al., 2000). That is why our attention was drawn to two of the most popular basil varieties in Ukraine: «Dolly» with green leaves and «Rosie» with purple leaves. Our research was focused on morphological, anatomical and phytochemical studies of O. basilicum leaves of the above-mentioned raw materials. To realize this goal, microscopy was performed using State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine methods. Groups of biologically active substances were determined by standard qualitative reactions and the procedure was carried out using extracts or by applying directly to the sections. It was found that O. basilicum chanterelles of «Dolly» and «Rosie» varieties have a number of common and distinctive features. Both varieties of O. basilicum are characterized by the presence of dorsoventral, amphistomatic leaves, diacytic stomatal apparatus and biserial glands. The leaves differ in color, shape of the leaf blade margin, outlines of the upper epidermal cells, presence of idioblast cells with anthocyanins in the «Rosie» variety, and values of stomatal indices. The stomatal index is 27.5±2.3% for the «Dolly» variety and 25.4±2.5% for the «Rosie» variety. It was found that the leaves of O. basilicum varieties «Dolly» and «Rosie» contain such biologically active substances as anthocyanins, flavonoids, essential oil, triterpene saponins, especially expressed in the variety «Rosie» and tannins. The research results can be used in the development of a monograph on the raw materials of this species. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/12835 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/12834 Название: Порівняльна ефективність нових схем фармакотерапії нетяжкої форми COVID-19 за динамікою зникнення симптомів Авторы: Суртаєва, Н.; Яковенко, О.; Соловйов, С.; Трохимчук, В.; Бабенко, М.; Сухін, Р.; Капітан, Г.; Дзюблик, О.; Ячник, В. Краткий осмотр (реферат): питання лікування COVID-19 досі залишаються складною проблемою в усьому світі через величезні економічні збитки суспільства в наслідок широкої розповсюдженості захворювання, особливість її перебігу та розвиток ускладнень. Мета роботи – визначення клінічних кінцевих точок та порівняльний аналіз ефективності нових схем лікування амбулаторних пацієнтів з нетяжким перебігом COVID-19. Проаналізовано 64 медичні карти амбулаторних пацієнтів з нетяжким перебігом COVID-19. В залежності від використаної схеми лікування всі пацієнти були розподілені на дві групи, які отримували інгаляції АКК або противірусну терапію комбінованим препаратом нірматрелвіром/ритонавіром. Ефективність кожної фармакотерапевтичної альтернативи було запропоновано визначати на основі ретроспективних даних пацієнтів за термінами нормалізації клініко-лабораторних показників та зникнення клінічних симптомів захворювання. Було встановлено правило, за яким зникнення сукупності всіх клінічних симптомів захворювання в нормі визначаються як клінічна кінцева точка. Було встановлено, що застосування АКК призводить до швидшого зникнення клінічних симптомів, особливо у перший тиждень лікування, що свідчить про його швидкий терапевтичний ефект на початкових етапах. Нірматрелвір/ритонавір також виявився ефективним у зменшенні симптомів, але його ефект проявляється поступово, досягаючи повного полегшення трохи пізніше, ніж у випадку з АКК. Моделювання динаміки досягнення кінцевої клінічної точки за зникненням всіх клінічних симптомів вказує на перевагу використання АКК порівняно з нірматрелвіром/ритонавіром з фармакоекономічної точки зору, якщо додаткові витрати на лікування не перевищують вартість трьох днів лікування. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.librarynmu.com/handle/123456789/12834 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z